References for water quality

References

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. 1998. European Marine Sites in England and Wales. A Guide to the Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations 1994 and to the Preparation and Application of Management Schemes.

Grimwood, M.J. & Dixon, E. 1997. Assessment of risks posed by List II metals to Sensitive Marine Areas (SMAs) and adequacy of existing environmental quality standards (EQSs) for SMA protection. Report to English Nature.

Parr, W., Clarke, S.J., Van Kijk, P, & Morgan, N. 1997. Turbidity in English and Welsh Tidal Waters. Report to English Nature.

Scott, C.R., Hemingway, K.L., Elliott, M., De Jonge, V.N., Pettwick, J.S., Malcolm, S. & Wilkinson, M. 1999. Impact of nutrients in estuaries - Phase 2. Report to English Nature and the Environment Agency.

DETR. 1997. The Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations 1994. Working document for dischargers and regulators. A guidance note issued by the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions and the Welsh Office.

SEPA. 1998. Scottish Bathing Waters 1998 Bathing water quality results.

ABP Research Ltd. 1999. Good Practice Guidelines for Ports and Harbours operating within or near UK marine Special Areas of Conservation. English Nature, UK Marine SACs Project.

Chief Inspectors Guidance Notes (1993 ff). (A series of Guidance Notes prepared by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Pollution).

SEPA Policy No. 3, Version 1, July 1996 (draft). Stirling, Scotland.

DTI. 1997. Oil and Gas licensing in the UK. The Right Framework. DTI, Oil and Gas Directorate, London.

MAFF. 1997. The approval and use of oil dispersants in the UK. MAFF, London.

MAFF. 1998. Controls over the deposit of materials at sea and approval of oil dispersants. Guidance Notes. MAFF, Rural and Marine Environment Division, Marine Resources and Licensing Branch, London.

SEPA. 1998. Regulation and Monitoring of Marine Cage Fish Farming in Scotland. A Procedures Manual. SEPA, Stirling, Scotland.

SEPA Policy No. 27, Version 1, September 1998. Stirling, Scotland.

SEPA Policy No. 28, Version 1, September 1998. Stirling, Scotland.

Birkett, C.A., Maggs, C.A., Dring, M.J. 1998. Maerl (Volume V). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 116 pages.

Birkett, C.A., Maggs, C.A., Dring, M.J. Boaden, P.J.S., Seed, R. 1998. Infralittoral Reef Biotopes with Kelp Species (Volume VII). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 174 pages.

Davison, D.M., Hughes, D.J. 1998. Zostera Biotopes (Volume I). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 95 pages.

Elliott, M., Nedwell, S., N.V. Jones, S.J. Reid, Cutts, N.D., Hemingway, K.L. 1998. Intertidal sand and Mudflats & Subtidal Mobile Sandbanks (Volume II). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 151 pages.

Environmental Agency. 1998a. Endocrine-disrupting substances in wildlife - a review of the scientific evidence and strategic response. Publication Number HO-11/97-100-B-BANP.

Environmental Agency. 1998b. Endocrine-disrupting susbtances in the environment: What should be done? Consultative report.

Hartnall, R.G. 1998. Circalittoral faunal turf biotopes (Volume VIII). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 109 pages.

Hill, S. Burrows, M.T., Hawkins, S.J. 1998. Intertidal Reef Biotopes (Volume VI). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 89 pages.

Holt, T.J., Rees,E.I. Hawkins, S.J., SEED, R. 1998. Biogenic Reefs (Volume IX). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 170 pages.

Hughes, D.J. 1998. Sea pens & browsing megafauna (Volume III). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 105 pages.

Hughes, D.J. 1998. Subtidal brittlestar beds (Volume IV). An overview of dynamic and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Scottish Association of Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project). 78 pages.

Langford, T.E. 1990. Ecological Effects of Thermal Discharges. Elsevier Applied Science, 468pp.

CCME. 1999. Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Summary tables. In: Canadian environmental quality guidelines, 1999, Canadian Council of Ministers for the Environment, Winnipeg.

Grimwood, M. and Dixon, E. 1997. Assessment of risks posed by List II metals to ‘Sensitive Marine Areas ‘ (SMAs) and adequacy of existing environmental quality standards (EQSs) for SMA protection. WRc Report CO 4278/10435-0 to English Nature.

Long, E.R. et al. 1995. Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentration in marine and estuarine sediments. Environmental Management, 19 (1), 81-97.

ABP Research Ltd. 1999. Good Practice guidelines for Ports and Harbours operating within or near UK Marine Special Areas of Conservation. English Nature, UK Marine SACs Project.

DETR. 1998. European Marine Sites in England and Wales - A Guide to the Conservation (Natural Habitats etc.) Regulations 1994 and to the Preparation and Application of Management Schemes.

Environmental Agency, English Nature & Countryside Council for Wales 1999. Guidance for the Review of Environment Agency Permissions: Determining Relevant Permissions and ‘Significant Effect’. Version 1.0. Implementation date 31 March 1999.

Nixon, S.C., Smith, I.N.H. and Parr, W. 1992. Water quality criteria for nature conservation in estuaries. Report to English Nature.

Allan, G.L., Maguire, G.B. and Hopkins, S.J. 1990. Acute and chronic toxicity of ammonia to juvenile Metapenaeus macleayi and Penaeus monodon and the influence of low dissolved oxygen levels. Aquaculture, 91, 265-280.

Chen, J-C. and Lin, C-Y. 1991. Lethal effects of ammonia and nitrite on Penaeus penicillatus juveniles at two salinity levels. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 100C, 477-482.

Eddy, F.B. and Twitchen, I.D. 1990. Effects of ammonia on fish. Phase II. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee. Final Report PEDC 7/7/374.

Mallett, M.J., Vine, S. Murgatroyd, C., Whitehouse, P., Jerman, E., Ashby-Crane, R.E., Fleming, R., Wwilson, K. and Sims, I. 1992. Toxicity of common pollutants to freshwater life. A review of the effects of ammonia, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, cyanide, nickel, phenol and zinc on indigenous species. NRA R&D Note 82.

Miller, D.C., Poucher, S., Cardin, J.A.and Hansen, D. 1990. The acute and chronic toxicity of ammonia to marine fish and a mysid, Archives of Environmental Toxicology, 19, 40-48.

Nison, S.C., Gunby, A., Ashley, S.J., Lewis, S. and Naismith, I. 1995. Development and testing of General Quality Assessment schemes: dissolved oxygen and ammonia in estuaries. NRA Project Record 469/15/HO.

Review Group on Acid Rain. 1997. Acid deposition in the United Kingdom 1992-1994. Fourth report of the Review Group on Acid Rain. Published by AEA Technology plc.

Seager, J., Wolff, E.W. and V.A. Cooper. 1988. Proposed environmental quality standards for List II substances in water. Ammonia. WRc report No TR26O.

Williams, T.D. and Brown, B.R.H. 1992. The acute and chronic toxicity of ammonia to the marine copepod Tisbe battagliai. ICI Group Experimental Laboratory, Brixham. Report No. BL440/B.

Boyle, E.A., Scalter, F., and Edmond, J.M. 1976. On the marine geochemistry of cadmium. Nature (Lond.), 263: 42-44.

CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment). 1992. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, prepared by the Task Force on Water Quality Guidelines of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Eco-Health Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

Frank, P.M. and Robertson, P.B. 1979. The influence of salinity on toxicity of cadmium and chromium to the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Bull. environ. Contam. Toxicol., 21: 74-78.

GESAMP. 1984. IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution: Report of the fourteenth session, Vienna, 26-30 March, 1984, Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency (Reports and Studies No. 21).

GESAMP. 1985. IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution: Atmospheric transport of contaminants into the Mediterranean region, Athens, Geneva, World Meteorological Association (Reports and Studies No. 26).

GESAMP. 1987. IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution: Report of the seventeenth session, Rome, Geneva, World Health Organisation (Reports and Studies No. 31).

Johnson, M.S. and EATON, J.W. 1980. Environmental contamination through residual trace metal dispersal from derelict lead-zinc mine. J. Environ. Qual., 9(2): 175-179.

Korte, F. 1983. Ecotoxicology of cadmium: general overview. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 7: 3-8.

Krell, U. and Roeckner, E. 1988. Model simulation of the atmospheric input of lead and cadmium into the North Sea. Atmos. Environ., 22(2): 375-381.

Martin, J.H. and Broenkow, W.W. 1975. Cadmium in plankton: elevated concentrations off Baja California. Science, 190: 884-885.

Muller, M., Schirmer, M. and Kettler, J. 1993. Use of Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyceae) for active biomonitoring of heavy metals in the Weser estuary. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology, 27 (2-4), 189-196.

Nicholson, J.K. and Osborn, D. 1983. Kidney lesions in pelagic seabirds with high tissue levels of cadmium and mercury. J. Zool. (Lond.), 200: 99-118.

Nicholson, J.K., Kendall, M.D., and Osborn, D. 1983. Cadmium and mercury nephrotoxicity. Nature (Lond.), 304: 633-635.

Nriagu, J.O. and Pacyna, J.M. 1988. Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals. Nature (Lond.), 333: 134-139.

O'Hara, J. 1973. The influence of temperature and salinity on the toxicity of cadmium to the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Fish. Bull., 71: 149-153.

Robert, R. and His, E. 1985. Combined effects of salinity and cadmium chloride upon embryos and larvae of the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Mar. environ. Res., 15: 303-312.

Rosenberg, R. and Costlow, J.D. 1976. Synergistic effects of cadmium and salinity combined with constant and cycling temperatures on the larval development of two estuarine crab species. Mar. Biol., 38: 219-303.

Simpson, W.R. 1981. A critical review of cadmium in the marine environment. Prog. Oceanogr., 10: 1-70.

USEPA. 1984. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Cadmium - 1984. EPA Report No 440/5-84-032. NTIS PB85-224031

WHO. 1992a. Environmental Health Criteria No 134- Cadmium. World Health Organisation, Geneva

WHO. 1992b. Environmental Health Criteria No 135- Cadmium - Environmental Aspects. World Health Organisation, Geneva

Wilson, D.N. 1988. Cadmium - market trends and influences. In: Cadmium 87. Proceedings of the 6th International Cadmium Conference, London, Cadmium Association, pp. 9-16.

Van Aalst, R.M., Van Ardenne, R.A.M., De Kruk, J.F., and Lems, T. 1983a. Pollution of the North Sea from the atmosphere, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands, Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) (Report No. C182/152).

Van Aalst, R.M., Duyzer, J.H., and Veldt, C. 1983b. Atmospheric deposition of lead and cadmium in the southern part of the North Sea. I. Emission and preliminary model calculations, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands, Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) (Report No. R83/222).

Verriopoulos, G. and Moraitou-Apostolopoulou, M. 1981. Effects of some environmental factors on the toxicity of cadmium to the copepod Tisbe holothuriae. Arch. Hydrobiol., 91: 287-293.

Voyer, R.A. and Modica, G. 1990. Influence of salinity and temperature on acute toxicity of cadmium to Mysidopsis bahia Molenock. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 19: 124-131.

Campbell, J. A., Chan, E. Y. L., Riley, J. P., Head, P. C. and Jones, P. D. 1986. The distribution of mercury in the Mersey estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 17 (1), 36-40.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

Harada, M. 1978. Minamata disease as a social and medical problem. Jpn Q., 25, 20-34.

Langston, W.J., BURT, G.R., POPE, N. And MCEVOY, J. 1996. Bioaccumulation of methylmercury (Mersey estuary 1995). Report to NRA North West Region.

Ronald, K., Tessaro, S.V., Uthe, J.F., Freeman, H.C., and Frank, R. 1977. Methylmercury poisoning in the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus). Sci. Total Environ., 8, 1-11.

Takeuchi, T., Mprikawa, N., Matsumoto, H., and Azuma, E. 1957. Pathological studies on Minamata disease. IV. Minamata disease of crows and sea birds. J. Kumamoto Med. Soc., 31(Suppl. 2), 276-281.

USEPA. 1984. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Mercury - 1984. EPA Report No 440/5-84-026. NTIS PB85-227452

WHO. 1989. Environmental Health Criteria No 86 - Mercury - Environmental Aspects. World Health Organisation, Geneva

WHO. 1991. Environmental Health Criteria No 118- Mercury - inorganic - Environmental Aspects. World Health Organisation, Geneva

Brown, V.M., Gardiner, J. and Yates, J. 1984. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - inorganic lead, Technical Report TR 208, WRc, Medmenham

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

Grimwood, M. and Dixon, E. 1997. Assessment of risks posed by List II metals to 'Sensitive Marine Areas' (SMAs) and adequacy of existing environmental quality standards (EQSs) for SMA protection. WRc Report CO 4278.

Falconer, C.R., Davies, I.M., and Topping, G. 1983. Trace metals in the common porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. Mar. environ. Res., 8:119-127.

Fernandez-Leborans, G. and Novillo, A. 1992. Hazard evaluation of lead effects using marine protozoan communities, Aquatic Science, 54(2), 128-140.

Honda, K., Fujise, Y., Tatsukawa R., Itana, K., and Miyazaki, N. 1986. Age-related accumulation of heavy metals in bone of the striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba. Mar. Environ. Res., 20: 143-160.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

NRA. 1995. The Mersey estuary. A report on environmental quality. Water Quality Series report No. 23. National Rivers Authority, Bristol.

WHO. 1995. Environmental Health Criteria No 165, Lead, inorganic. IPCS, World Health Organisation, Geneva

Young, W. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for inorganic lead in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2718/1.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Hunt, S. and Hedgecott, S. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for chromium in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2858/1.

Mance G., Brown, V.M., Gardiner, J. and Yates, J. 1984. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Chromium, Technical Report TR 207, WRc, Medmenham

US NAS. 1974. Geochemistry and the environment. I. The relation of selected trace elements to health and disease, Washington DC, US National Academy of Sciences, 113 pp.

WHO. 1988. Environmental Health Criteria No 61, Chromium. IPCS, World Health Organisation, Geneva

CCREM (Canadian Council of Resource and Environmental Ministers). 1987. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines. Inland Waters Directorate, Environmental Canada, Ottawa.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Hunt, S. and Hedgecott, S. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for zinc in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2686/1.

Mance G. and Yates, J. 1984. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Zinc, Technical Report TR 209, WRc, Medmenham

Nipper, M.G., Badero-Pedroso, C. and JOSE, V.F. 1993. Toxicity testing with coastal species of Southeastern Brazil. Mysids and Copepods, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 51, 99-106.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

CCREM (Canadian Council of Resource and Environmental Ministers). 1987. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines. Inland Waters Directorate, Environmental Canada, Ottawa.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Hunt, S. and Hedgecott, S. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for zinc in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2686/1.

Mance G., Brown, G. and Yates, J. (1984) Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Copper, Technical Report TR 210, WRc, Medmenham

Smith, I.N.H. 1993a. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for Copper in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2986/1.

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Hunt, S. and Hedgecott, S. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for nickel in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2685/1.

Mance G. and Yates, J. (1984) Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Nickel, Technical Report TR 211, WRc, Medmenham

WHO. 1991. Environmental Health Criteria No 108, Chromium. IPCS, World Health Organisation, Geneva

DETR. 1998. Digest of Environmental Statistics No. 20 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Published by The Stationery Office.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Mance, G., Musselwhite, C. and Brown, V.M. 1984. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Arsenic. Technical Report TR 212

Smith, I.N.H. and Edwards, V. 1992. Revised Environmental Quality Standards for Arsenic in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment DoE 2633/1.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Mance, G., Norton, R. and O’Donnell, A.R. 1988. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Vanadium. Technical Report TR 253.

WHO. 1988. Environmental Health Criteria No 81, Vanadium. IPCS, World Health Organisation, Geneva

CCREM (Canadian Council of Resource and Environmental Ministers). 1987. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines. Inland Waters Directorate, Environmental Canada, Ottawa.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Mance G. O’Donnell A.R. and Smith, P.R. 1988. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Boron, Technical Report TR 256, WRc, Medmenham

CCREM (Canadian Council of Resource and Environmental Ministers). 1987. Canadian Water Quality Guidelines. Inland Waters Directorate, Environmental Canada, Ottawa.

HMSO. 1989. DoE Circular 7/89 (Circular 16/89 Welsh Office), Department of the Environment and Welsh Office. Water and the Environment. 30th March 1989.

Mance, G. and Campbell J.A. 1988. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for list II substances in water - Iron. Technical Report TR 258

Whitehouse, P. Dixon, E., Blake, S. and Bailey, K. 1998. An update to proposed Environmental Quality Standards for Iron in water, WRc report to the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions DETR 4471/1.

Armstrong, D.E. and Chesters, G. 1968. Adsorption and catalyzed chemical hydrolysis of atrazine. Environmental Science and Technology, 2, 683-689.

Correll, D.L. and Wu, T.L. 1982. Atrazine toxicity to submersed vascular plants in simulated estuarine microcosms. Aquatic Botany, 14, 151-158.

Delistraty, D.A. and Hershner, C. 1984. Effects of the herbicide atrazine on adenine nucleotide levels in Zostera marina L. (eelgrass). Aquatic Botany, 18, 353-369. (abstract only)

Hedgecott, S. 1996. Proposed environmental quality standards for atrazine and simazine in water. Final report for the DoE. WRc Report No. DoE 2316(p)

Hollister, T.A. and Walsh, G.E. 1973. Differential responses of marine phytoplankton to herbicides: oxygen evolution. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 9, 291-295.

Hopkin, R. and Kain. J. M. 1978. The effects of some pollutants on the survival, growth and respiration of Laminaria hyperborea. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, 7, 531-553.

Jones, A., Hedgecott, S. and Zabel, T.F. 1988. Information related to proposed `red list' substances. Water Research Centre report number PRU 1901-m/2.

Jones, T.W., Kemp, W.M., Estes, P.S. and Stevenson, J.C. 1986. Atrazine uptake, photosynthetic inhibition, and short-term recovery for the submersed vascular plant, Potamogeton perfoliatus L. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 15, 277-283.

Jones, T.W. and Winchell, L. 1984. Uptake and photosynthetic inhibition by atrazine and its degradation products on four species of submerged vascular plants. Journal of Environmental Quality, 13, 243-247.

Kemp, W.M., Boynton, W.R., Cunningham. J.J., Stevenson, J.J., Jones, T.W. and Means, J.C. 1985. Effects of atrazine and linuron on photosynthesis and growth of the macrophytes, Potamogeton perfoliatus L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. in an estuarine environment. Marine Environmental Research, 16, 255-280.

Mansour, M., Moza, P.N., Barlas, H. and Parlar, H. 1985. Ein beitrag zur photostabilität organischer umweltchemikalien in gegenwart von wasserstoffperoxid in aquatischen systemen. Chemosphere, 14, 1469-1474.

Mayasich, J.M., Karlander, E.P. and Terlizzi, D.E. Jr. 1986. Growth responses of Nannochloris oculata Droop and Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin to the herbicide atrazine as influenced by light intensity and temperature. Aquatic Toxicology, 8, 175-184.

Mayasich. J.M., Karlander, E.P. and Terlizzi, D.E. Jr. 1987. Growth responses of Nannochloris oculata Droop and Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin to the herbicide atrazine as influenced by light intensity and temperature in unialgal and bialgal assemblages. Aquatic Toxicology, 10, 187-197.

Pillai, P., Weete, J.D., Diner, A.M. and Davis, D.E. 1979. Atrazine metabolism in box crabs. Journal of Environmental Quality, 8, 277-280.

SAC Scientific. 1987. Survey of potentially dangerous substances in UK waters. DoE reference number PECD 7/7/201, February 1987.

Tchan, Y.T. and Chiou, C.M. 1977. Bioassay of herbicides by bioluminescence. Acta Phytopathologia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 12, 3-11.

Walsh, G.E. 1972. Effects of herbicides on photosynthesis and growth of marine unicellular algae. Hyacinth Control Journal, 10, 45-48. (abstract only).

Ward, G.S. and BALLANTINE, L. 1985. Acute and chronic toxicity of atrazine to estuarine fauna. Estuaries, 8, 22-27.

Kemp, W.M., Boynton, W.R., Cunningham, J.J., Stevenson, J.J., Jones, T.W. and Means, J.C. 1985. Effects of atrazine and linuron on photo-synthesis and growth of the maerophytes Potamogeton perfoliatus L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. in an estuarine environment. Marine Environmental Research, 16, 255-280.

Lewis, S. and Gardiner, M. 1994. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for diuron, linuron, chlorotoluron and isoproturon in Water. National Rivers Authority R&D Report.

Mayer, F.L. 1987. Acute toxicity handbook of chemicals to estuarine organisms. US EPA Report EPA/600/8-87/017, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida.

Putwain, P.D. 1990. The resistance of plants to herbicides. In: Weed Control Handbook: Principles, edited by R.J. Hance and K. Holly, BCPC/Blackwell, ISBN 0-632-02459-3, 217-242.

Caldwell, R.S., Buchanan, D.V., Armstrong, D.A., Mallon, M.H. and Millemann, R.E. 1979. Toxicity of the herbicides 2,4-D, DEF, propanil and trifluralin to the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 8, 383-396.

Couch, J.A., Winstead, J., Hansen, D. and Goodman, L. 1979. Vertebral dysplasia in young fish exposed to the herbicide trifluralin. Journal of Fish Diseases, 2, 35-42.

Garnas. 1976. Comparative metabolism of pesticides by marine invertebrates. Dissertation Abst Int, B77(1), 141.

Helling, C.S. 1976. Dinitroaniline herbicides in soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 5, 1-15.

Jones. 1996. Proposed provisional Environmental Quality Standards for Trifluralin in Water. Final Report to the DoE. WRc Report No 2231(P).

Kearney, P.C., Isensee, A.R. and Kontson, A. 1977. Distribution and degradation of dinitroaniline herbicides in an aquatic ecosystem. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 7, 242-248.

Kosinski, R.J. 1984. The effect of terrestrial herbicides on the community structure of stream periphyton. Environmental Pollution (Series A), 36, 165-189.

Liu, D.H.W. and Lee, J.M. 1975. Toxicity of selected pesticides to the bay mussel (Mytilus edulis). United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA-660/3-75-016; cited in Shuker and Hutton (1986).

Parrish, P.R., Dyar, E.E., Enos, J.M. and Wilson, W.G. 1978. Chronic toxicity of chlordane, trifluralin and pentachlorophenol to sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus). US EPA Office of Research and Development, EPA-600/3-78-010.

Saunders, P.F. and Seiber, J.N. 1983. A chamber for measuring volatilisation of pesticides from model soil and water disposal systems. Chemosphere, 12(7/8), 999-1012.

Shuker, L.K. and Hutton, D.M. 1986. Assessment of the impact of the emission of certain halogenated organic compounds: chloral hydrate, cyanuric chloride, hexachloroethane, simazine, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2- trifluoroethane and trifluralin into the aquatic environment (toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation and other ecological data). Report for the EC: X1/536/87.

Walsh, G.E. 1972. Effects of herbicides on photosynthesis and growth of marine unicellular algae. Hyacinth Control Journal, 10, 45-48.

Wells, D.E. and Cowan, A.A. 1982. Vertebral dysplasia in salmonids caused by the herbicide trifluralin. Environmental Pollution (Series A), 29, 249-260.

Donigian, A.S. and Carsel, R.F. 1987. Modelling the impact of conservation tillage on pesticide concentration in ground and surface waters. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 6, 241-250.

Fletcher, W.W. and Kirkwood, R.C. 1982. Herbicides and plant growth regulators. Granada Publishing Limited, Frogmore, Herts. 408 pages.

Leistra, M. and Boestsen, J.J.T.I. 1989. Pesticide contamination of groundwater in Western Europe. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 26, 369-389.

Murgatroyd, C., Comber, S., Sutton, A. and Mascarenhas, R. 1996. Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for Bentazone in Water. Final Report to the DoE. WRc Report No 4101(P)

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